---
id: anglictina-3-kdo-to-musel-byt
puvodni: en.3.5
nazev: Kdo to musel být
popis: Modální slovesa dedukce. Čtení záhady a kvíz.
---

# Výklad

## Jisté, možné, vyloučené
*Dedukce*

- The lights are on. She must be at home.
- He might be in the lab. I'm not sure.
- That can't be Eva. Eva is in Vienna this week.
- O minulosti: must have left, might have forgotten, can't have seen it.

> Tip: must je skoro jistota, might je možnost, can't je „to přece nejde“.

## Čtěte důkazy, ne nadpis
*Vynález*

- A notebook with today's date is stronger than a guess.
- Can't have znamená, že to odporuje faktu.
- Might have nechává dvě možnosti otevřené.
- Nepoužívejte can pro dedukci v kladné větě. Can umí, must musí být.

> Tip: u must have hledejte důkaz, který už nejde rozumně popřít.


# Čtení

Someone left a strange machine in the physics lab. It was warm, so it must have been switched on recently. The only key can't have been used by the caretaker, because he is in hospital. Two students, Nora and Adam, know the code. Nora might have come back after the club, but her train ticket shows she was in Pardubice. Adam's notebook is on the bench and the handwriting matches the label. He must have built it.

## Why must the machine have been on recently?
- It was noisy
- [x] It was warm
- It was new
- It was labelled
> It was warm.

## Why can't the caretaker have used the key?
- He lost it
- [x] He is in hospital
- He hates physics
- He was in Pardubice
> he is in hospital.

## Where was Nora?
- In the lab
- [x] In Pardubice
- In hospital
- On the bench
> her ticket shows Pardubice.

## Who must have built the machine?
- The caretaker
- Nora
- [x] Adam
- Nobody
> The notebook and the handwriting point to Adam.


# Kvíz

## The window is broken and his bag is gone. He ___ left in a hurry.
- [x] must have
- must
- can have
- should
> Minulá skoro jistota: must have left.

## That ___ be Lea. Lea is abroad.
- must
- [x] can't
- should
- is
> Odporuje faktu: can't.

## I'm not sure. They ___ have missed the bus.
- must
- can't
- [x] might
- are
> Možnost: might have.

## Which sentence is a deduction, not a duty?
- You must wear gloves.
- [x] She must be tired.
- You must sign this.
- Visitors must wait.
> She must be tired je úsudek.